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William Anthony Schabas,〔http://www.irisoifigiuil.ie/archive/2010/september/ir280910.pdf〕 OC (born 19 November 1950) is a Canadian academic in the field of international criminal and human rights law, and has been called 'the world expert on the law of genocide and international law.'〔 He is professor of international law at Middlesex University in the United Kingdom, professor of international human law and human rights at Leiden University in the Netherlands, and an internationally respected expert on human rights law, genocide and the death penalty. He has written over 18 monographs and 200 articles.〔 In 2009 he was elected President of the International Association of Genocide Scholars.〔() 〕 He is an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Member of the Royal Irish Academy, as well as holding a position on the Board of Directors of the International Institute for Criminal Investigation〔William Schabas, CV, () Middlesex University 〕 and René Cassin, a non-government organisation that presents a Jewish voice on human rights.〔William Schabas, CV., () Middlesex University〕 Schabas also sits on the advisory board of the ''Israel Law Review'',〔Israel Law Review, Editorial Board, () Cambridge Journals〕 the ''Journal of International Criminal'' Justice〔Journal of International Criminal Justice, () Oxford Journals〕 and is editor-in-chief of ''Criminal Law Forum'', the quarterly journal of the International Society for the Reform of Criminal Law.〔Criminal Law Forum, () Universiteit Leiden〕 He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Technical Cooperation in the Field of Human Rights. Schabas served as one of seven commissioners on the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and as one of six commissioners on the Iran Tribunal Truth Commission from 18 to 22 June 2012. Author of more than 350 academic journal articles, Schabas has delivered lectures or conference papers in more than fifty countries. Writings have been cited in judgments, decisions and opinions of: International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court, International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Special Court for Sierra Leone, European Court of Human Rights, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Supreme Court of Canada, United States Supreme Court, Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, High Court of Tanzania and Supreme Court of Israel.〔William Schabas, CV () Middlesex University 〕 In 2014 Schabas was appointed the head of a UN Committee investigating the role of Israel in the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict. The appointment was criticized by Canada's Foreign Minister, John Baird, and the Geneva-based advocacy NGO UN Watch, on the basis of allegations that Schabas was anti-Israel, a charge he denied.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UNHRC investigator Schabas Stays Mum on Hamas as "Terror Group" )〕 In February 2015 he resigned after an Israeli complaint〔 that he provided legal advice to the Palestine Liberation Organization which is a clear conflict of interests, confirming prior allegations of his bias.〔 Schabas stated that he was resigning to stop the controversy from overshadowing the work of the Gaza inquiry, whose results were due in March.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Head of U.N. Inquiry into Gaza Conflict to Quit over Israeli Bias Claim )〕〔 Avigdor Lieberman hailed his resignation as an 'achievement for Israeli diplomacy'.〔Herb Keinon, ("Schabas takes parting shot at 'masters of ridiculous statements' Netanyahu, Liberman ," ) ''Jerusalem Post'', 3 February 2015.〕 ==Background, education, and career== Schabas was born in Cleveland, Ohio, with strong roots in an Ashkenazi Jewish background, though his family name, which is a variation of the Yiddish word for "Sabbath" ("Shabbos" (:'ʃa.bɪs) in Yiddish, derived from "Shabbat" in Hebrew), has been interpreted as perhaps suggesting also a Sephardic connection.〔Nathan Guttman, ("8 Things You Didn't Know About The U.N. War Crimes Commission," ) ''The Forward'' 15 August 2015.〕 His mother, Ann (née Fairley), was born in Canada and served as dean of the Faculty of Library and Information Sciences at the University of Toronto. His father, Ezra Schabas, is an American-born Canadian musician and author.〔〔()〕 His maternal grandparents were Barker Fairley, an English-born painter and scholar, and Margaret Fairley, a writer and educator also born in England. His paternal grandparents came from Galicia,〔 and relatives on his father's side died in the Holocaust.〔("Former Head of Inquiry Into Gaza War Says He Faced Pressure and Threats" ), by Marlise Simons, ''New York Times'', FEB. 11, 2015〕 Schabas moved with his family to Toronto in 1952 and received his B.A. and M.A. degrees in history from the University of Toronto, and LL.B., LL.M. and LL.D. degrees from the University of Montreal. He has also been awarded honorary doctorates by Dalhousie University, Halifax, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland and Northwestern University, Chicago. According to UN Watch, when Schabas was a Ph.D. student in history at the University of Toronto in 1974, and a leader in the radical SDS group, he was the subject of a university investigation for allegedly violating human rights and freedoms by physically obstructing a visiting Harvard professor from speaking on campus. Schabas was suspended from the university for four years, later reduced to two.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=When William Schabas was convicted in 1974, he tried to disqualify the judges for bias )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Full text of ''CAUT Bulletin'' September 1974 (Volume 23, Number 1)" )〕 From 1991 to 2000 he was a professor of human rights law and criminal law at the University of Quebec, and he chaired the Department of Legal Studies from 1994 to 1998. He has taught as a visiting or adjunct professor at several other institutions, including McGill University, Queen's University Belfast, LUISS University in Rome, Cardoza Law School, Panthéon-Assas University and the National University of Rwanda. Schabas moved to Ireland in 2000, serving as the director of the Irish Centre for Human Rights at the National University of Ireland, Galway, until 2011. That year he moved to London to take up a chair in international law at Middlesex University, London. He is the recipient of the Vespasian V. Pellat Medal for International Criminal Justice of the Association international de droit penal and the Gold Medal in the Social Sciences of the Royal Irish Academy. Schabas was called to the Quebec bar in 1985 and practised law in Montreal for many years. He has also practised at the international level, appearing before the International Court of Justice, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights and the International Criminal Court. Schabas was invited by the Special Court for Sierra Leone to serve as an ''amicus curiae''. Schabas has participated on several human rights fact-finding missions on behalf of international non-governmental organisations, such as Amnesty International and the International Federation of Human Rights, to such countries as Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan, South Africa and Russia. The 1993 mission to Rwanda, of which he was a member, alerted the international community to the danger of genocide in that country. In 2011, Schabas attended a conference in Iran with the Tehran-based Non-Aligned Movement Center for Human Rights and Cultural Diversity where he was a keynote speaker. It was reported that the center has close ties with former Iranian president President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=An Iranian 'human rights' wrong )〕 He attended the conference together with US film producer Sandra Schulberg in order to present a documentary film about the Nuremberg Trial to Iranians, which was welcomed by the audience, and spoke to them about the Holocaust and Nazi atrocities.〔Non-aligned Movement Center for Human Rights and Cultural Diversity, (' Non-aligned Movement Center for Human Rights and Cultural Diversity Annual Report 2011,' )Namiran February 2012〕 Schabas states that he went as an academic, and is opposed to academic boycotts of Israel and Iran.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=William Schabas, head of UN Gaza commission, dismisses anti-Israel charge )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Schabas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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